Pest control by resident populations of natural enemies is affected by the landscape context of the farm. Weekly insect surveys showed that natural enemy populations increased with the proportion of natural habitat in the surrounding area throughout the study. Additionally, pest control, assessed through cage experiments, was more effective in diverse landscapes. However, the impact of natural habitat on aphid distributions varied across growing seasons and years. Thus, identifying the source habitat for aphids may be just as important as understanding the role of their natural enemies when predicting aphid distributions.