Adoption of organic production in the Mid-South lags behind other regions. This project explored biophysical (pests, soil, weather), market, infrastructure, and cultural barriers to successful organic farming in the region, and ways to meet these challenges through farmer innovation, regional resources, and policy. Researchers conducted in-depth interviews with 48 producers representing 40 operations (grains, produce, eggs) in the region to identify successes, obstacles, and farmer innovations. Most of the study participants were USDA certified organic, while about 25% surrendered certification on part or all of their land because of herbicide drift, dairy market collapse, or certification costs.

Interviewees cited soil fertility in grains, weeds, pests, poultry predators, and climate change as significant yet manageable challenges. Priority needs include better markets, access to organic inputs, and more policy support for organic farming. Motivated to farm organically by price premiums and environmental stewardship goals, producers have undertaken innovative approaches to these challenges. For example, the Mid-South’s strong organic egg sector creates demand for organic grains and provides organic fertilizer, an opportunity for regional economic integration.

The project team recommended developing an “ecosystem of support for organic producers,” through training service providers, strengthening farmer networks, and increasing state level policy support such as offering organic certification as Oklahoma currently does. Toward this goal, the project awarded peer-to-peer learning grants to six producer groups to conduct workshops on winter production, weed management, certification, business management, culinary demos, and more.